The
Right Dose Of ExerciseHow much exercise do you need? Some researchers
from Harvard came up with the following: the amount of calories burnt by exercise
should be about 2000 per week. Generally men will achieve that in a shorter time
than women (provided we assume that males have more body weight and more muscle
mass). About 30 minutes of power walking per day will be enough to burn
300 calories. This does not mean that it is a leisurely stroll. It’s fast, it
raises your heart rate, you may breathe a bit faster, you’ll work up a sweat.
It is easy: all you need is a good pair of walking shoes. You can start
at your front door and you don’t need to make a trip to the gym. You won’t
need special clothes nor an exercise machine. For a number of people it is a lot
more fun to walk in company. Ask a friend or a neighbour. You may be surprised
to find out that a lot of people enjoy a brisk walk, and it keeps you motivated
to stick with your program. With swimming: Move slowly. Water resistance
increases exponentially with speed. Swimming twice as fast requires four times
as much energy. So to move efficiently, all your movements, not just swimming,
should be in slow motion.
| Some
common exercises to choose from: | -
Power Walking - Treadmill exercise (a good alternative
in bad weather) - Bicycling, alternatively riding a stationary
exercise bike - Aerobic dancing or simple aerobics -
Jogging | There is simply no excuse for
being unable to exercise, unless you are having severe health problems.
If you have a heart condition like angina or if you have suffered a heart attack,
it is imperative to discuss any fitness problem with your doctor before you embark
on it. There are specialized programs for people with a history
of a heart attack, and they are very beneficial. Being very heavy is often perceived
as a barrier to an exercise program, but remember that even whales are graceful
in water. Go swimming! People who experience joint problems and pain due to arthritis
as well as back pain sufferers will find swimming enjoyable. There is also another
aspect to exercise, whether it is aerobics or swimming. Certain brain hormones
called endorphines are released. The are “feeling good hormones”: people experience
a bit of a natural high and a sense of well being. Pains and aches become less
prominent. Already for this reason it is very desirable for a person with a condition
like arthritis to stay active. You will soon discover which of the aerobic forms
of physical activity works best for you. Whatever it may be, build it into your
day and make sure that those 30 minutes are enjoyable. If a snapshot taken of
you during exercise would be a study of exhaustion and acute suffering, you should
probably review your exercise program. You may do more damage than good. It will
also become increasingly difficult to put up with a source of distress, and after
a while you’ll be ready to throw in the towel. To avoid these pitfalls, gradually
build up your endurance over time. Moderation succeeds, excess
exercise causes harm: You may think, that if 30 minutes of
exercise are good, for sure 60 minutes must be even better. But it does not work
this way: with more intense exercise your body has to cope with the demand. It
is a stress situation, and signals are sent to your brain accordingly. In response
the stress hormone ACTH is released stimulating the adrenal glands to secrete
more cortisol. Elevated cortisol levels are a reason for our bodies to age faster.
In short: you may be a bit fitter, but you are accelerating the ageing process,
which is probably not the goal you had in mind. The other as
important part of an exercise program are the anaerobic exercises.
They are designed to strengthen your muscles. Weight lifting is one possibility
of anaerobic exercise. In a well equipped gym you have lots of options available.
There is one word of caution. Do not assume that you can start pumping
iron like superman. Start with low weights and ask the fitness instructor for
input. It is not only stress which is counterproductive, you can actually hurt
yourself. So start low and go slow. You do not need access to a gym to
do muscle strengthening exercises. You can acquire a set of dumbbells (5 pound
weights would be good for starting). For upper body strength training push-ups
work well. For the lower part of your body knee-bends (squats) are OK. |
